The difficult science in making science difficult

Management of the difficult Airway

The appropriate airway management is the important point during the anesthesia. For it dose, ‎taking history, physical examination (head and neck, mandible, mouth opening, neck ‎movements …) must be done completely and they are helpful in estimating difficult ‎intubation.‎ It is necessary to note that one case from every ‎‏5000‏‎ cases of anesthesia, not o...

Evaluating Evidence When Making Difficult Decisions

This paper presents the case for using the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence and a derivative of it, to model the reasoning process in debates on difficult philosophical, theological and scientific questions. This gives a useful formal framework within which to enhance the debating process. A well-known theological debate and two scientific exemplars are given for illustration of the working a...

Difficult issues in mentoring: recommendations on making the "undiscussable" discussable.

Many mentoring relationships do not reach fruition because the individuals fail to bridge a critical difference. When a difference prevents a learning partnership from achieving its potential, the loss is multidimensional for the individuals and the institution--wasting opportunities for the fostering of current and future talent. Insights into when such impasses are likely to arise may help bo...

Prevention of Iodine Deficiency: Difficult to Implement, More Difficult to Sustain

Difficult Data: Boundary Dynamics, Public Engagement and Bridging Technologies in a Science/Policy Controversy

In 2001, the New Zealand Ministry of Health (MoH) contracted the Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd. (ESR) to undertake a serum dioxin study to determine exposure (current and historical) to dioxins for residents living in close proximity to the former Ivon Watkins Dow chemical plant in Paritutu, New Plymouth. In the years that the plant had operated, a number of activist group...